April 24, 2011 at 9:23 pm
· Filed under Living
More accurate costing of jobs and products is possible because each department will be charged with overhead rates which are reasonable for that department. A job or product going through different departments will be charged with the predetermined rates of those departments not a single plant wide overhead rate. The overhead cost, depending upon the type and number of departments through which a product passes, will be charged, and in this way it will be an easy job to calculate the cost of a product at any stage that may be the requirement of the organization.
As the cost records of the overhead are available department wise, it is easy to control and to find out the reason or reasons of any variance.
There are two main types or class of departments. One is the producing department which is engaged in actual manufacturing of the products by changing the shape, form or nature of the materials worked upon, or by just assembling the parts into a finished product. A few examples of producing departments are spinning departments, weaving departments, finishing departments cutting departments etc. The other one is the service department which produces nothing but helps in production indirectly by rendering services to other departments. A few examples of services departments are repairing department, purchasing departments, storage departments, cafeteria, inspection etc.
The number and type of departments in which a manufacturing concern will be divided largely depends on the nature of its business, size, and requirements. A small size of a manufacturing concern may be having only one department and big concern may have many departments. But the number of department should be such that should help for the smooth running of all operations rather than being a cause of the red tapeism.
There are no hard and fast rules for the establishment of departments. The most common approach is to divide the factory along lines of functional activities or group of activities constituting a department. For proper control of factory overhead and accuracy in costing production, the division of factory into separate, interrelated and independently governed units is required, Read the rest of this entry »
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April 22, 2011 at 5:02 am
· Filed under Internet
Businesses have the option of consolidating business credit card debts and other obligations. A business loan or a line of credit can be accessed in order to manage the cash flow situation, purchase short term assets, or consolidate debts. The loan or the line of credit is generally secured. Refinancing, which is the process of paying off a secured loan by opting for another loan, usually of the same size using the same property as a collateral, may also be considered as an alternative to consolidation. If debt consolidation and refinancing do not yield the desired results, the company may be forced to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. Reorganization may not be a bad option for large companies, but small companies should avoid filing bankruptcy since the chances of recovery are slim.
Typically, small business can access Small Business Administration Loans (SBA Loans) and lines of credit that can be used for a variety of purposes, including debt consolidation. The SBA 7(a) Term Loan is appropriate for small business interested in consolidating debts.
Small Business Debt Consolidation Loans
SBA offers many versions of the 7(a) loan to serve the various needs of small businesses. Business firms desirous of availing SBA 7(a) Term Loans should meet the size and type criteria, demonstrate the ability to repay the loan, should operate with profit motive, and meet other requirements as specified by the 7(a) loan program.
A SBA 7(a) Term Loan offers added flexibility to small businesses, by the way of longer repayment terms and lower down payments as compared to other types of business financing. Hence, it is appropriate for consolidating short term debts. These 7(a) loans are provided by lenders who choose to participate in the SBA 7(a) loan guarantee program. This program ensures that the loans are guaranteed up to 85 percent of their value, thus protecting the lender against the risk of default. Both banks and non-bank lenders can participate in this program. The participating lenders structure the loans as per SBA requirements, so that the latter agrees to guarantee a portion of the loan against default. Since this loan is backed by a SBA guarantee, businesses can access a large amount of funds for a longer period of time while making less monthly repayments. The interest rates on SBA guaranteed loans are negotiated between the borrower and lender and cannot exceed the pre-determined cap. Read the rest of this entry »
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April 18, 2011 at 1:19 am
· Filed under Internet
Compliance
Compliance with the Government laws and the accounting practices followed in the country, is an important objective of these internal control system. The compliance to these practices helps the organization to make sound investments and to make good use of the organization’s money. Also, compliance with the laws helps the organization to avoid any legal issues. The accounting process also needs to be in compliance with these.
Reliability
When we talk about the money of any organization, we talk of huge sums. Chances of frauds where so much money is involved, cannot be ruled out. Reliance on the internal systems, on the people and on the accounting practices followed by the organization is important. With an internal control in place, this reliability increases. It is necessary to monitor all the accounts receivable and to honor all the accounts payable. A person alone cannot handle all work related to cash flow. Hence, a good way to control these monies is by spreading the task amongst a small group of people. Another way to control is to make use of the numerous accounting software that are available.
Safety
Safety of the organization’s accounts is one of the important objectives of a system of internal control. Even the employees and the customers of the organization need to feel safe in the organization. Hence, safety can never be ignored. Formation of fool-proof policies and rules and regulations is the key to safety.
Security
Although related to safety, security is a totally different issue which needs to be handled differently. Security will involve the safety of not only the customers and the employees of the organization but also the property of the organization. Security can be physical with security guards, locks and anti theft devices used for providing protection. Security also helps in risk management of the organization.
Efficiency
Which organization can survive without being efficient? Efficiency is another of the important objectives of a system of internal control. The internal system needs to be aware of how efficiently the organization and the employees of the organization are working. It assists in human resource management. This is important for achieving the organization’s goals and objectives. Performance management reviews and implementing efficiency models like JIT and KANBAN are the ways to control the efficiency in the organization.
Financial Reporting Read the rest of this entry »
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April 12, 2011 at 6:56 am
· Filed under Living
Name
Address
Collector Agent’s Name
Address of the collecting agency
Mail Receipt No.
Account No.
Mr.______________,
This is in response to your letter dated_________________or phone call on___________ regarding the non-payment of dues.
I do not believe that I owe you, therefore I dispute this debt as per the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) and my state laws. I would request you to provide me the following information to validate your claims of debt.
A proof that you are licensed to collect debt in _________________(your state).
A verification copy of any judgment.
Name of the creditor on whose behalf you are collecting the debt.
I have disputed this debt, so until you validate your claim, I would request you to stop contacting me. If you or any of your debt collecting agents try to contact me, I will treat it as a violation of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and will immediately report to my State Attorney General, to the Federal Trade Commission.
Signature
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April 4, 2011 at 7:31 pm
· Filed under Apply
The No Documentation Business Loans require no submission of documented evidence on the business income or assets or insurance. These debt loans are designed to offer financial freedom and aid in reviving business health. The lending companies or private lenders who offer the product do not verify any information other than the credit profile. At the most, some lenders may evaluate the business property. The loan product is designed for sensitive cases that need to be resolved with required finance immediately. Elimination of traditional loan documentation promotes entrepreneurship via access to finance through bad credit loans, and enables the application of corrective measures to get a business back on track.
How the ‘No Documentation’ Angle Works
No Documentation Business Loans are categorized as secured loans or unsecured loans. They enable instant access to necessary funds. However, ‘no documentation’ only means the absence of paper work. The system speeds up loan processing, but under certain set terms and conditions. It is also designed to verify all the communicated information physically. These lenders enjoy 24×7 access to documented evidence, leaving the business entrepreneur free to focus on the distribution of funds. Hence, it is ‘no documentation’ for the entrepreneur, but a complete process for the lending institution. The representatives of the lending institutions verify the income, business license, written contracts, invoice factoring, asset management and credit profile of the borrower.
The lenders of No Documentation Business Loans use the ‘no documentation’ angle to attract clientele. These short term loans are extended to help the community of small and medium scale industries to recuperate. In such a loan, the basic thing that needs to be kept in mind is that ‘no documentation’ does involve property evaluation and property management. The risk factor lies in the haste for the loan and trying to find an alternative to documentation. By enabling the verification of as much of evidence as you can, you not only save some money, but also lower the lender’s risk. The choice lies with the borrower in any No Documentation Business Loan, whether or not to lower the risk by investing some time for the required documentation. Read the rest of this entry »
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